Test on Chapter 8 will be on Thursday May 19th.
Chapter 8 Occupation and Lifestyle
Activity 1
What are some things that people say or some questions people ask every day?
What people say:
In these increasingly difficult economic times, you probably wish your parents had spent more time teaching you about the personal-finance basics before having to learn them the hard way. If you aren't careful, you could be setting up your own kids for the same financial trouble. Here are some of the ways you may be financially failing your kids:
You don't teach your kids not to spend everything they earn: This one lesson can make up for not teaching a lot of the other lessons, especially when combined with teaching them about compound interest (see below). Even better, it's one lesson you can begin teaching them when they are small and continue until it has become an ingrained habit when it's time for them to live on their own. If you have been financially failing your kids up to this point, this is the place to start.
You don't teach your kids the power of compound interest: Kids want to be rich, and the easiest way is to let money compound over a long period. If you teach them this, they will listen. The sooner the compounding begins, the easier it is to create wealth. By showing your kids that putting aside a little money in their early years will mean they won't be panicking at the thought of what to do about retirement when their own kids are the same age, you will save them countless nights of stress and fighting.
You assume your kids will learn personal finance at school: While it would be wonderful to be able to trust the school system to educate your kids in personal finance that is not the case today. They didn't do it when you were a kid and things haven't changed since then. While there are 40 states that include personal finance to some extent in their educational guidelines, the reality is only seven states require students take a personal finance course in high school to q
You assume your kids will learn personal finance on their own: It is true that if your kids don't learn personal finance from you, they are likely to learn it on their own. The problem is they aren't likely to learn until they have already made some huge mistakes you could have helped prevent. If you don't feel you have the knowledge to teach them, get some books from the library and make it required reading for the entire family.
You let your kids have everything they want: While there is a parental desire to give kids all the things they want, this is one of the worst things you can do because they will assume that it should continue to be that way even when they become adults. It's important to understand that in order to keep your personal finances in order, you often have to make a choice and you can't have everything you want. This will require some time and patience to explain why they can't have certain things and that money is not an unlimited resource that can be found anywhere.
Top ten jobs for teens
When you’re a teenager, getting your first job can be exciting and rewarding. You finally get a chance to make your own money and you can even pick up a valuable skill. Most importantly, part-time jobs teach how to budget, save and manage money. Here’s a list of 10 of the best jobs for teenagers:
1. Babysitting
Babysitting is a big responsibility suited for mature teenagers. One way to prove yourself as a qualified babysitter is to take classes that help to train you for childcare. The Red Cross offers babysitter’s training courses that focus on infant and older child care, problem solving skills, emergency care for injuries, illnesses and accidents and overall safety. These classes are designed for teens age 11 to 15 and vary in cost and availability, so check your local Red Cross for details.
2. Pet sitting or Dog walking
For teenagers who love animals, dog sitting or walking can be great options. You will likely find yourself working in early morning and evening hours, which can also make this job a great option for those attending summer school.
3. Retail
Retail jobs like those at The Gap (Stock Quote: GPS) or J.Crew (Stock Quote: JCG) are highly coveted by many teens. However, these positions can be hard to come by in some cities where many adults are competing for the same positions. Check web sites like SnagAJob.com for openings in your area. Keep in mind that many retail stores require previous work experience. Depending on the store and state law, the minimum age for employees may be 16 or 18.
4. Food Service
Food service jobs at restaurants are nice options for teenagers because you can make quick money. (Hello, instant gratification!) Be sure to keep track of tips for tax purposes, though!
5. Camp Counselor
Many camp counselor positions are available through schools, churches and sporting organizations. These positions are ideal for teens looking to work only during summer vacation. And if you like kids, it's one of the most fun jobs out there.
6. Resort Jobs
If you have the luxury of living near a resort town (i.e. Miami, Los Angeles, Hilton Head, etc.), you can take advantage of seasonal jobs at hotels or resorts. Typical positions include housekeeping, lawns and maintenance, food service and hospitality.
7. Landscaping and Yard Work
You can apply for summer jobs with local lawn care businesses or simply talk to your neighbors to drum up yard work jobs. You may need to invest in a lawn mower or other equipment if your clients don’t have their own, though, so consider your startup costs.
8. Government Jobs
Many local city and state governments offer jobs specifically geared towards teenagers, such as lifeguarding or corn de-tassling. Check StudentJobs.gov for local listings.
9. Household Chores
Work for your parents or neighbors to earn extra cash.
10. Tutoring
After or before-school tutoring is an ideal job for a teen looking to work during the school year without having to give up too much free time. Check with your school’s guidance office to find out if there are students in need of your tutoring services and inquire about grade requirements for such positions.
Activity 3
Women in the Labor Force
Women are considered LABOUR FORCE participants only if they work outside the home. In the past women have been expected to be in the labor force only until they marry; this reflects the historical, idealized notion of a society in which the man is the breadwinner and the woman the homemaker.
The majority of women in the labor force have always been isolated in "female" occupations, called such because they are often extensions of the work women do at home and because the vast majority of the people doing them are women (STATUS OF WOMEN). Some occupations have changed over time and new ones have come into existence, but various occupations are still defined as women's work. Today women have one unpaid job in the home and one low-paid job in the labor force. Women have always been responsible for work in the home and in the labor force and they have always been paid lower wages than men; they have been paid less both when their jobs are not the same as those of men but could be seen as equally valuable and when the work is exactly the same, women earned 52.8% of what men earned in 1911, 58% in 1971 and 66% in 1996, in 2013 women in Canada earn about 72% of men's wages for similar work.
How is the wage gap measured?
■ The gender wage gap can be typically measured in three different ways.
How can we eliminate the gender wage gap?
■ Help women enter high-wage occupations.
■ Help girls enter STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) careers.
■ Address systemic discrimination, particularly in male-dominated fields.
■ Advocate for improved workplace policies (childcare, family leave, etc.).
■ Recognize gender stereotypes that reinforce notions of “appropriate” work for men and women. Young women, despite their capability, “often do not believe they have the academic or professional requirements necessary for succeeding in a given job.”
■ The Canadian Women’s Foundation works to advance women’s economic equality by bringing together community organizations to share research, skills, and best practices for moving low-income women out of poverty.
■ We also invest in community programs that help women to increase their income by launching a small business, learning a skilled trade, or working in a job placement.
■ In the programs we fund, women identify their strengths and skills and build upon them. This positive ‘asset-based’ approach avoids creating long-term dependency and builds self-confidence—an essential tool for starting the difficult journey out of poverty. Each woman receives customized wrap-around supports and just-in-time services, whether her immediate priority is food and shelter, budgeting skills, developing personal goals, creating a business plan, learning a trade, or being matched with a mentor. The goal is to help her to build a solid foundation that includes stable housing, childcare, employment skills, self-confidence, financial literacy, a strong social network, and a supportive family.
Activity 4
Sample question: Make a pie chart in Excel that represents what percentage of people in a certain town own certain types of pets: dogs (1110 people), cats (987 people), rodents (312 people), reptiles (97 people), and fish (398 people).
Step 1: Type your data into a Microsoft Excel worksheet. Type your categories in one column and your numbers into a second column. For this sample problem, the categories would be the type of pets, so type those into column A. Type the numbers associated with each category into column B. Do not leave blank rows or columns when typing in the data.
Step 2: Select the data you entered. To select the data, click the top left of your data and then drag the cursor to the bottom right.
Step 3: Click “Insert,” then click “Pie,” then click the type of pie chart you need. In most cases with simple pie charts like the one in this sample problem, the first selection (2D) will work fine. Once you have clicked the chart icon, Excel will insert the pie chart into your worksheet.
Tip: If you made a mistake in your entries, you don’t have to redo the entire chart; type your correction in the original data that you entered and Excel will automatically make the correction to the chart.
IPAD
Making Pie Charts
Step 1
Launch the Pie Chart 3D Free app after downloading it from the iPad App Store. A sample chart is displayed on the screen, which you can customize to your needs.
Step 2
Tap any slice of the pie chart to edit it. A new screen appears so you can change its size according to your own values, change the color or add a label to the slice. You can also move the slice position in the chart or remove it from the chart on this screen. Tap "Done" when you are finished to return to the main screen.
Step 3
Tap the "Add Slice" button to include a new slice in the chart. Tap the gear-shaped settings button at the bottom of the screen to change the chart title, specify unit values, or turn labels off or off. This app requires payment to print or share your chart; however, you can work around this by taking a screenshot. Press the Home button and Sleep/Wake button simultaneously on the iPad; screenshots appear in your iPad's camera roll.
Advanced Graphs
Step 1
Launch the Quick Graph app after installing it from the App Store.
Step 2
Tap the "+" icon at the top of the screen. The onscreen keyboard launches. Type an equation and tap "Done." A two-dimensional chart appears on the screen as determined by your equation. Alternatively, tap the "Library" icon, which looks like an open book, and select an equation from the list that appears.
Step 3
Tap the button at the top of the screen that looks like a crosshair or target symbol. The 2D chart turns into a 3D chart. Tap the crosshair again to return to the 2D chart.
Step 4
Drag your finger across the chart to rotate it. To select a dark or light background, or to make the axes appear or disappear, tap the "Settings" icon.
Activity 5 Traditional life in the Canadian North
1. How many Inuit groups inhabit the Canadian North? 15
2. When did Newfoundland enter Confederation? 1949
3. What was the traditional Labrador Inuit economy based on? A close relationship between themselves, the land, the sea, and wild animals.
4. Traditionally, what were the three different types of shelters in which the Inuit lived?
Winter- stone and sod, partially dug into the ground, the entrance was lower than the
main part of the house which trapped the cold, and protected the house from the wind.
Modern culture of the Inuit
Inuit art, carving, print making, textiles and Inuit throat singing (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overtone_singing), are very popular, not only in Canada but globally, and Inuit artists are widely known. Canada has adopted some of the Inuit culture as national symbols, using Inuit cultural icons like the inukshuk in unlikely places, such as its use as a symbol at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Respected art galleries display Inuit art, the largest collection of which is at the Winnipeg Art Gallery.
Some Inuit languages such as Inuktitut, appears to have a more secure future in Quebec and Nunavut. There are a surprising number of Inuit, even those who now live in urban centers such as Ottawa, Montreal and Winnipeg, who have experienced living on the land in the traditional life style. People such as Legislative Assembly of Nunavut member, Levinia Brown and former Commissioner of Nunavut and the NWT, Helen Maksagak were born and lived the early part of their life "on the land". Inuit culture is alive and vibrant today in spite of the negative impacts of recent history.
An important biennial event, the Arctic Winter Games, is held in communities across the northern regions of the world, featuring traditional Inuit and northern sports as part of the events. A cultural event is also held. The games were first held in 1970, and while rotated usually among Alaska, Yukon and the Northwest Territories, they have also been held in Schefferville, Quebec in 1976, in Slave Lake, Alberta, and a joint Iqaluit, Nunavut-Nuuk, Greenland staging in 2002. In other sporting events, Jordin Tootoo became the first Inuk to play in the National Hockey League in the 2003–04 season, playing for the Nashville Predators.
Although Inuit life has changed significantly over the past century, many traditions continue. Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit, or traditional knowledge, such as storytelling, mythology, music and dancing remain important parts of the culture. Family and community are very important. The Inuktitut language is still spoken in many areas of the Arctic and is common on radio and in television programming.
Well-known Inuit politicians include Premier of Nunavut, Peter Taptuna, Nancy Karetak-Lindell, former MP for the riding of Nunavut, and Kuupik Kleist, Prime Minister of Greenland. Leona Aglukkaq, current MP, was the first Inuk to be sworn into the Canadian Federal Cabinet as Health Minister in 2008. In May 2011 after being re-elected for her second term, Ms. Aglukkaq was given the additional portfolio of Minister of the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency. In July 2013 she was sworn in as the Minister of the Environment.
Building an Igloo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ6Pdvf3TpQ
Whale Hunting
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LAqEK7K5oCQ
Myths and Beings
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/inuit-myth-and-legend/
Among the most famous Inuit myths is the legend of the sea goddess, known by various names (Sedna, Nuliayuk, Taluliyuk, and Taleelayuk). In the myth, a young girl is cast into the ocean, where she becomes the keeper of all the sea mammals.
The legend of Lumiuk (Lumak, Lumaag) tells of an abused blind boy who finds refuge in the sea, where he recovers his sight and ends his abuse. The legend of Kiviuk (Kiviok, Kiviuq), a major mythological figure in the same sphere as Sedna, explains the abundance of fish and the absence of trees in the Arctic tundra; while the legend of Tikta’Liktak tells the story of a young hunter’s journey home after becoming lost on an ice floe.
Supernatural beings accompany many Inuit myths, including: Mahaha, a demon that terrorizes the Arctic and tickles its victims to death; Ijiraat, shapeshifters that may change into any arctic animal but may not disguise their red eyes; Taqriaqsuit, shadow people who are rarely seen but often heard; Qallupilluk (or Qalupalik, see below), scaly, human-like creatures that snatch children into the sea; Inupasugjuk, giants who capture humans; and Tuniit, who are seen as simple-minded but extremely strong ancestors of the Inuit.
Activity 6
1. How many Inuit groups live in Canada’s North?
2. What was the last province to join Canadian Confederation?
3. On what was the traditional economy of the Labrador Inuit based?
4.. During what season was the killing of animals not permitted?
5. What are some of the cultural rules that regulated wildlife harvesting?
6. Name five species traditionally hunted and what they were used for?
7. What word is synonymous with temporary Inuit shelters?
8. Traditionally, what was their clothing made from?
9. When did the traditional Inuit way of life slowly begin to change?
10. What was the British government’s approach to establishing a better relationship with the Inuit?
11. Where was the first mission established in Newfoundland?
12. Name five locations of later religious missions.
13. Name six natural resources of the Newfoundland and Labrador Inuit and the corresponding economic activities.
14. What do we call those who wish to experience the sub-arctic and arctic wilderness and are willing to pay for this experience?
“Governments saw relocation as providing an apparent solution for a number of specific problems. As we show in this chapter, government administrators saw Aboriginal people as unsophisticated, poor, outside modern society and generally incapable of making the right choices. Confronted with the enormous task of adapting to 'modern' society, they faced numerous problems that government believed could be solved only with government assistance. If they appeared to be starving, they could be moved to where game was more plentiful. If they were sick, they could be placed in new communities where health services and amenities such as sewers, water and electricity were available.
If they were thought to be 'indolent', the new communities would provide education and training facilities, which would lead to integration into the wage economy. If they were in the way of expanding agricultural frontiers or happened to occupy land needed for urban settlements, they could be moved 'for their own protection'. And if their traditional lands contained natural resources — minerals to be exploited, forests to be cut, rivers to be dammed — they could be relocated 'in the national interest'.”
Activity 7
15. During the 1950s and 1960s, why did some Labrador Inuit communities have to be relocated? See above article: for profit from the lands mineral wealth.
16. Answer question 2 on page 117 of your textbook.
17. Answer question 4 on page 117 of your textbook.
18. Answer questions 5 a, b, 6 a, b on page 117 of your textbook.
19. Read < The Developing Economy in Lunenburg > on pages 118 to 121 of your textbook and write down any information that stands out to you as interesting.
Activity 8
20. Answer questions in the margins under Figures 8.16, 8.15,
8.17, 8.18, 8.21, and Table 8.3.
21. Explain what is meant by « diversified economy » in Lunenburg?
22. What are a “Lunenburg Bump” and a “coffin window”?
23. Name 5 businesses in the service sector in Lunenburg.
24. On a world map, explain some links that Lunenburg has with the rest of the world?
Activity 1
What are some things that people say or some questions people ask every day?
- Choose an adjective to describe your lifestyle in 2016: interesting, busy, funny, amusing, fast, quick, strange, rapid, exciting, healthy, simple, unique, relaxed, boring, intelligent, easy, comical, stressful, confused, etc…
- Who has a job and who is employed in their future career?
- What do you want to do as a career?
- What is the relationship between your current job and your future career?
- Why do you work?
- What does your job do for you today?
- What is your dream job?
- What will your dream job do for you in the future? Contentment, pay your lifestyle, develop your interpersonal skills, confidence in your abilities, travel, experience different cultures, satisfaction, live your dream, experience, fame, wealth, etc….
- What are your needs?
- How does your job meet your needs?
What people say:
- People have to work. Living costs money. What do what you want to do? Choose wisely. Work harder! Work faster! Get a job! Are you finished yet? Did you do that? Stop wasting time! Did you do your homework? Are you going to do that? What happened at school today? Is everything O.K.? I love you. Are you happy?
- How many times a day do you hear someone say something about work?
- How many times a day do you hear someone tell you what you are doing wrong?
- How many times a day do you hear someone say, “Good job”?
- How many times a day do you hear someone say, “Smarten up”?
- How many times a day do you ignore, distract, or say “in a minute”, about things you should do or about things you have to do?
- What is necessary to change a person is to change his awareness of himself.
- If you plan on being anything less than you are capable of being, you will probably be unhappy all the days of your life.
- If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail.
In these increasingly difficult economic times, you probably wish your parents had spent more time teaching you about the personal-finance basics before having to learn them the hard way. If you aren't careful, you could be setting up your own kids for the same financial trouble. Here are some of the ways you may be financially failing your kids:
You don't teach your kids not to spend everything they earn: This one lesson can make up for not teaching a lot of the other lessons, especially when combined with teaching them about compound interest (see below). Even better, it's one lesson you can begin teaching them when they are small and continue until it has become an ingrained habit when it's time for them to live on their own. If you have been financially failing your kids up to this point, this is the place to start.
You don't teach your kids the power of compound interest: Kids want to be rich, and the easiest way is to let money compound over a long period. If you teach them this, they will listen. The sooner the compounding begins, the easier it is to create wealth. By showing your kids that putting aside a little money in their early years will mean they won't be panicking at the thought of what to do about retirement when their own kids are the same age, you will save them countless nights of stress and fighting.
You assume your kids will learn personal finance at school: While it would be wonderful to be able to trust the school system to educate your kids in personal finance that is not the case today. They didn't do it when you were a kid and things haven't changed since then. While there are 40 states that include personal finance to some extent in their educational guidelines, the reality is only seven states require students take a personal finance course in high school to q
You assume your kids will learn personal finance on their own: It is true that if your kids don't learn personal finance from you, they are likely to learn it on their own. The problem is they aren't likely to learn until they have already made some huge mistakes you could have helped prevent. If you don't feel you have the knowledge to teach them, get some books from the library and make it required reading for the entire family.
You let your kids have everything they want: While there is a parental desire to give kids all the things they want, this is one of the worst things you can do because they will assume that it should continue to be that way even when they become adults. It's important to understand that in order to keep your personal finances in order, you often have to make a choice and you can't have everything you want. This will require some time and patience to explain why they can't have certain things and that money is not an unlimited resource that can be found anywhere.
Top ten jobs for teens
When you’re a teenager, getting your first job can be exciting and rewarding. You finally get a chance to make your own money and you can even pick up a valuable skill. Most importantly, part-time jobs teach how to budget, save and manage money. Here’s a list of 10 of the best jobs for teenagers:
1. Babysitting
Babysitting is a big responsibility suited for mature teenagers. One way to prove yourself as a qualified babysitter is to take classes that help to train you for childcare. The Red Cross offers babysitter’s training courses that focus on infant and older child care, problem solving skills, emergency care for injuries, illnesses and accidents and overall safety. These classes are designed for teens age 11 to 15 and vary in cost and availability, so check your local Red Cross for details.
2. Pet sitting or Dog walking
For teenagers who love animals, dog sitting or walking can be great options. You will likely find yourself working in early morning and evening hours, which can also make this job a great option for those attending summer school.
3. Retail
Retail jobs like those at The Gap (Stock Quote: GPS) or J.Crew (Stock Quote: JCG) are highly coveted by many teens. However, these positions can be hard to come by in some cities where many adults are competing for the same positions. Check web sites like SnagAJob.com for openings in your area. Keep in mind that many retail stores require previous work experience. Depending on the store and state law, the minimum age for employees may be 16 or 18.
4. Food Service
Food service jobs at restaurants are nice options for teenagers because you can make quick money. (Hello, instant gratification!) Be sure to keep track of tips for tax purposes, though!
5. Camp Counselor
Many camp counselor positions are available through schools, churches and sporting organizations. These positions are ideal for teens looking to work only during summer vacation. And if you like kids, it's one of the most fun jobs out there.
6. Resort Jobs
If you have the luxury of living near a resort town (i.e. Miami, Los Angeles, Hilton Head, etc.), you can take advantage of seasonal jobs at hotels or resorts. Typical positions include housekeeping, lawns and maintenance, food service and hospitality.
7. Landscaping and Yard Work
You can apply for summer jobs with local lawn care businesses or simply talk to your neighbors to drum up yard work jobs. You may need to invest in a lawn mower or other equipment if your clients don’t have their own, though, so consider your startup costs.
8. Government Jobs
Many local city and state governments offer jobs specifically geared towards teenagers, such as lifeguarding or corn de-tassling. Check StudentJobs.gov for local listings.
9. Household Chores
Work for your parents or neighbors to earn extra cash.
10. Tutoring
After or before-school tutoring is an ideal job for a teen looking to work during the school year without having to give up too much free time. Check with your school’s guidance office to find out if there are students in need of your tutoring services and inquire about grade requirements for such positions.
Activity 3
- Answer the question in Figure 8.3 on page 110 of your textbook.
- Answer the two questions in “Focus on Figure 8.4”.
- Read the following article on “Women in the Labor Force” and answer questions 4 and 5.
- Can you name three jobs that have usually been associated with “Women’s work”?
- What is the wage disparity between men and women in the Canadian work force in 2016?
Women in the Labor Force
Women are considered LABOUR FORCE participants only if they work outside the home. In the past women have been expected to be in the labor force only until they marry; this reflects the historical, idealized notion of a society in which the man is the breadwinner and the woman the homemaker.
The majority of women in the labor force have always been isolated in "female" occupations, called such because they are often extensions of the work women do at home and because the vast majority of the people doing them are women (STATUS OF WOMEN). Some occupations have changed over time and new ones have come into existence, but various occupations are still defined as women's work. Today women have one unpaid job in the home and one low-paid job in the labor force. Women have always been responsible for work in the home and in the labor force and they have always been paid lower wages than men; they have been paid less both when their jobs are not the same as those of men but could be seen as equally valuable and when the work is exactly the same, women earned 52.8% of what men earned in 1911, 58% in 1971 and 66% in 1996, in 2013 women in Canada earn about 72% of men's wages for similar work.
How is the wage gap measured?
■ The gender wage gap can be typically measured in three different ways.
- Compare the annual earnings, by gender, for both full-time and part-time workers. On this basis, women workers in Canada earn an average of 66.7 cents for every dollar earned by men. This measurement results in the largest wage gap because more women work part-time—and part-time workers earn less than full-time workers.
- Compare the annual earnings of full-time workers. On this basis, women workers in Canada earn an average of 72 cents for every dollar earned by men.
- Compare the hourly wages by gender, including those for part-time workers. On this basis, women earn an average of 87 cents for every dollar earned by men.
How can we eliminate the gender wage gap?
■ Help women enter high-wage occupations.
■ Help girls enter STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) careers.
■ Address systemic discrimination, particularly in male-dominated fields.
■ Advocate for improved workplace policies (childcare, family leave, etc.).
■ Recognize gender stereotypes that reinforce notions of “appropriate” work for men and women. Young women, despite their capability, “often do not believe they have the academic or professional requirements necessary for succeeding in a given job.”
■ The Canadian Women’s Foundation works to advance women’s economic equality by bringing together community organizations to share research, skills, and best practices for moving low-income women out of poverty.
■ We also invest in community programs that help women to increase their income by launching a small business, learning a skilled trade, or working in a job placement.
■ In the programs we fund, women identify their strengths and skills and build upon them. This positive ‘asset-based’ approach avoids creating long-term dependency and builds self-confidence—an essential tool for starting the difficult journey out of poverty. Each woman receives customized wrap-around supports and just-in-time services, whether her immediate priority is food and shelter, budgeting skills, developing personal goals, creating a business plan, learning a trade, or being matched with a mentor. The goal is to help her to build a solid foundation that includes stable housing, childcare, employment skills, self-confidence, financial literacy, a strong social network, and a supportive family.
Activity 4
- Answer question 1 on page 111. Take your time and answer question 1a, 1 b, and 1 c.
Sample question: Make a pie chart in Excel that represents what percentage of people in a certain town own certain types of pets: dogs (1110 people), cats (987 people), rodents (312 people), reptiles (97 people), and fish (398 people).
Step 1: Type your data into a Microsoft Excel worksheet. Type your categories in one column and your numbers into a second column. For this sample problem, the categories would be the type of pets, so type those into column A. Type the numbers associated with each category into column B. Do not leave blank rows or columns when typing in the data.
Step 2: Select the data you entered. To select the data, click the top left of your data and then drag the cursor to the bottom right.
Step 3: Click “Insert,” then click “Pie,” then click the type of pie chart you need. In most cases with simple pie charts like the one in this sample problem, the first selection (2D) will work fine. Once you have clicked the chart icon, Excel will insert the pie chart into your worksheet.
Tip: If you made a mistake in your entries, you don’t have to redo the entire chart; type your correction in the original data that you entered and Excel will automatically make the correction to the chart.
IPAD
Making Pie Charts
Step 1
Launch the Pie Chart 3D Free app after downloading it from the iPad App Store. A sample chart is displayed on the screen, which you can customize to your needs.
Step 2
Tap any slice of the pie chart to edit it. A new screen appears so you can change its size according to your own values, change the color or add a label to the slice. You can also move the slice position in the chart or remove it from the chart on this screen. Tap "Done" when you are finished to return to the main screen.
Step 3
Tap the "Add Slice" button to include a new slice in the chart. Tap the gear-shaped settings button at the bottom of the screen to change the chart title, specify unit values, or turn labels off or off. This app requires payment to print or share your chart; however, you can work around this by taking a screenshot. Press the Home button and Sleep/Wake button simultaneously on the iPad; screenshots appear in your iPad's camera roll.
Advanced Graphs
Step 1
Launch the Quick Graph app after installing it from the App Store.
Step 2
Tap the "+" icon at the top of the screen. The onscreen keyboard launches. Type an equation and tap "Done." A two-dimensional chart appears on the screen as determined by your equation. Alternatively, tap the "Library" icon, which looks like an open book, and select an equation from the list that appears.
Step 3
Tap the button at the top of the screen that looks like a crosshair or target symbol. The 2D chart turns into a 3D chart. Tap the crosshair again to return to the 2D chart.
Step 4
Drag your finger across the chart to rotate it. To select a dark or light background, or to make the axes appear or disappear, tap the "Settings" icon.
Activity 5 Traditional life in the Canadian North
1. How many Inuit groups inhabit the Canadian North? 15
2. When did Newfoundland enter Confederation? 1949
3. What was the traditional Labrador Inuit economy based on? A close relationship between themselves, the land, the sea, and wild animals.
4. Traditionally, what were the three different types of shelters in which the Inuit lived?
Winter- stone and sod, partially dug into the ground, the entrance was lower than the
main part of the house which trapped the cold, and protected the house from the wind.
Modern culture of the Inuit
Inuit art, carving, print making, textiles and Inuit throat singing (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overtone_singing), are very popular, not only in Canada but globally, and Inuit artists are widely known. Canada has adopted some of the Inuit culture as national symbols, using Inuit cultural icons like the inukshuk in unlikely places, such as its use as a symbol at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Respected art galleries display Inuit art, the largest collection of which is at the Winnipeg Art Gallery.
Some Inuit languages such as Inuktitut, appears to have a more secure future in Quebec and Nunavut. There are a surprising number of Inuit, even those who now live in urban centers such as Ottawa, Montreal and Winnipeg, who have experienced living on the land in the traditional life style. People such as Legislative Assembly of Nunavut member, Levinia Brown and former Commissioner of Nunavut and the NWT, Helen Maksagak were born and lived the early part of their life "on the land". Inuit culture is alive and vibrant today in spite of the negative impacts of recent history.
An important biennial event, the Arctic Winter Games, is held in communities across the northern regions of the world, featuring traditional Inuit and northern sports as part of the events. A cultural event is also held. The games were first held in 1970, and while rotated usually among Alaska, Yukon and the Northwest Territories, they have also been held in Schefferville, Quebec in 1976, in Slave Lake, Alberta, and a joint Iqaluit, Nunavut-Nuuk, Greenland staging in 2002. In other sporting events, Jordin Tootoo became the first Inuk to play in the National Hockey League in the 2003–04 season, playing for the Nashville Predators.
Although Inuit life has changed significantly over the past century, many traditions continue. Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit, or traditional knowledge, such as storytelling, mythology, music and dancing remain important parts of the culture. Family and community are very important. The Inuktitut language is still spoken in many areas of the Arctic and is common on radio and in television programming.
Well-known Inuit politicians include Premier of Nunavut, Peter Taptuna, Nancy Karetak-Lindell, former MP for the riding of Nunavut, and Kuupik Kleist, Prime Minister of Greenland. Leona Aglukkaq, current MP, was the first Inuk to be sworn into the Canadian Federal Cabinet as Health Minister in 2008. In May 2011 after being re-elected for her second term, Ms. Aglukkaq was given the additional portfolio of Minister of the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency. In July 2013 she was sworn in as the Minister of the Environment.
Building an Igloo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ6Pdvf3TpQ
Whale Hunting
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LAqEK7K5oCQ
Myths and Beings
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/inuit-myth-and-legend/
Among the most famous Inuit myths is the legend of the sea goddess, known by various names (Sedna, Nuliayuk, Taluliyuk, and Taleelayuk). In the myth, a young girl is cast into the ocean, where she becomes the keeper of all the sea mammals.
The legend of Lumiuk (Lumak, Lumaag) tells of an abused blind boy who finds refuge in the sea, where he recovers his sight and ends his abuse. The legend of Kiviuk (Kiviok, Kiviuq), a major mythological figure in the same sphere as Sedna, explains the abundance of fish and the absence of trees in the Arctic tundra; while the legend of Tikta’Liktak tells the story of a young hunter’s journey home after becoming lost on an ice floe.
Supernatural beings accompany many Inuit myths, including: Mahaha, a demon that terrorizes the Arctic and tickles its victims to death; Ijiraat, shapeshifters that may change into any arctic animal but may not disguise their red eyes; Taqriaqsuit, shadow people who are rarely seen but often heard; Qallupilluk (or Qalupalik, see below), scaly, human-like creatures that snatch children into the sea; Inupasugjuk, giants who capture humans; and Tuniit, who are seen as simple-minded but extremely strong ancestors of the Inuit.
Activity 6
1. How many Inuit groups live in Canada’s North?
2. What was the last province to join Canadian Confederation?
3. On what was the traditional economy of the Labrador Inuit based?
4.. During what season was the killing of animals not permitted?
5. What are some of the cultural rules that regulated wildlife harvesting?
6. Name five species traditionally hunted and what they were used for?
7. What word is synonymous with temporary Inuit shelters?
8. Traditionally, what was their clothing made from?
9. When did the traditional Inuit way of life slowly begin to change?
10. What was the British government’s approach to establishing a better relationship with the Inuit?
11. Where was the first mission established in Newfoundland?
12. Name five locations of later religious missions.
13. Name six natural resources of the Newfoundland and Labrador Inuit and the corresponding economic activities.
14. What do we call those who wish to experience the sub-arctic and arctic wilderness and are willing to pay for this experience?
“Governments saw relocation as providing an apparent solution for a number of specific problems. As we show in this chapter, government administrators saw Aboriginal people as unsophisticated, poor, outside modern society and generally incapable of making the right choices. Confronted with the enormous task of adapting to 'modern' society, they faced numerous problems that government believed could be solved only with government assistance. If they appeared to be starving, they could be moved to where game was more plentiful. If they were sick, they could be placed in new communities where health services and amenities such as sewers, water and electricity were available.
If they were thought to be 'indolent', the new communities would provide education and training facilities, which would lead to integration into the wage economy. If they were in the way of expanding agricultural frontiers or happened to occupy land needed for urban settlements, they could be moved 'for their own protection'. And if their traditional lands contained natural resources — minerals to be exploited, forests to be cut, rivers to be dammed — they could be relocated 'in the national interest'.”
Activity 7
15. During the 1950s and 1960s, why did some Labrador Inuit communities have to be relocated? See above article: for profit from the lands mineral wealth.
16. Answer question 2 on page 117 of your textbook.
17. Answer question 4 on page 117 of your textbook.
18. Answer questions 5 a, b, 6 a, b on page 117 of your textbook.
19. Read < The Developing Economy in Lunenburg > on pages 118 to 121 of your textbook and write down any information that stands out to you as interesting.
Activity 8
20. Answer questions in the margins under Figures 8.16, 8.15,
8.17, 8.18, 8.21, and Table 8.3.
21. Explain what is meant by « diversified economy » in Lunenburg?
22. What are a “Lunenburg Bump” and a “coffin window”?
23. Name 5 businesses in the service sector in Lunenburg.
24. On a world map, explain some links that Lunenburg has with the rest of the world?